2022-12-22
Ọrọ photovoltaics (PV) ni akọkọ mẹnuba ni ayika 1890, ati pe o wa lati awọn ọrọ Giriki: Fọto, âphos,â itumo ina, ati âvolt,â eyiti o tọka si ina. Photovoltaic, nitorina, tumọ si ina-ina, ti n ṣe apejuwe gangan ni ọna ti awọn ohun elo fọtovoltaic ati awọn ẹrọ ṣiṣẹ. Photovoltaics jẹ ọna lati yi imọlẹ taara sinu ina. Apeere ti a mọ daradara ti awọn fọtovoltaics jẹ awọn iṣiro agbara oorun, eyiti o lo sẹẹli fọtovoltaic kekere kan lati fi agbara si ẹrọ iṣiro naa.
Botilẹjẹpe nigbakan awọn paneli fọtovoltaic jẹ idamu pẹlu awọn ọna ṣiṣe igbona omi oorun, eyiti o jẹ awọn panẹli ti a lo lati mu omi gbona, awọn fọtovoltaics (tabi oorun PV) ṣiṣẹ ni ọna ti o yatọ ati pe wọn lo lati ṣe ina ina, kii ṣe ooru. Pẹlupẹlu, wọn nigbagbogbo tọka si bi awọn panẹli oorun.
Pẹlupẹlu, ni ilodi si ero gbogbogbo, Solar PVâs ko ni dandan lo imọlẹ oorun taara lati ṣiṣẹ, diẹ ninu ina to fun eto lati ṣiṣẹ. Nitorinaa, idoko-owo ni awọn fọtovoltaics ṣe idaniloju ina fun awọn ile kii ṣe lakoko awọn ọjọ ooru gigun ati oorun ṣugbọn tun lakoko awọn kurukuru bi awọn oṣu igba otutu. Otitọ ni botilẹjẹpe, ṣiṣe awọn panẹliâ ni ibamu taara si iye ina ti wọn gba, nitorinaa ti oorun ba lagbara, o dara julọ.
Kini Awọn anfani ti Photovoltaics?
Gẹgẹbi a ti mọ ni gbogbogbo, agbara lati oorun jẹ clean and endless. Photovoltaics make good use of the energy of the sun and convert it into electricity that can be used to make households greener and less dependent on the grid. Contrary to popular belief that supports that solar panels are expensive, you should be happy to know that solar panels can actually save you money! There are different grants that will pay you for the clean energy that you produce, therefore making solar energy a wise investment. Incorporating solar panels will eventually provide you not only environmental but also financial benefits.
Ṣe eyi jẹ airoju diẹ bi? Ka ni isalẹ lati ni oye bi imọ-ẹrọ yii ṣe n ṣiṣẹ ati awọn aṣayan wo ni o wa ni ọja naa.
Bawo ni Photovoltaics Ṣiṣẹ?
BiFọtovoltaic refers to the conversion of light directly into electricity, photovoltaic technology uses materials with photoelectric effect to produce power. These are called semiconductors. The most popular semiconductor is silicon, which absorbs the photons from the light and as a result releases electrons from the atoms.
Imọlẹ (boya adayeba tabi Oríkĕ) ti o de ọdọ kan
Kini Cell Photovoltaic ati Modulu PV kan?
Awọn sẹẹli oorun fun awọn fọtovoltaics jẹ ti awọn ohun elo semikondokito, silikoni gbogbogbo. Nigbati ina ba de sẹẹli oorun, eyiti o ni aaye itanna pẹlu ẹgbẹ rere ati odi, awọn elekitironi yoo tu silẹ lati awọn ọta. Ti mu laarin itanna ti o wa tẹlẹ ti sẹẹli fọtovoltaic, ina ti wa ni iṣelọpọ.
Ti ọpọlọpọ awọn sẹẹli oorun ba ni asopọ itanna pẹlu ara wọn laarin eto atilẹyin, awọn eniyan n sọrọ nipa module fọtovoltaic kan, eyiti a ṣe apẹrẹ lati ṣe ina ina ni foliteji kan. Apapo awọn modulu fọtovoltaic pupọ (tabi awọn panẹli) ni a pe ni eto fọtovoltaic, eyiti a le fi sori ẹrọ nirọrun lori oke oke ti ile ti o wa tẹlẹ lati le pese ina.
Awọn oriṣi ti Awọn modulu PV wa nibẹ?
Awọn ibeere irọrun kan ti o le ṣee lo lati ṣe lẹtọ Awọn Modulu PV jẹ boya tabi rara wọn ti sopọ si akoj. Pẹlu eyi ni lokan a le pin awọn panẹli si:
Awọn ọna ṣiṣe Aisi-Grid: these are systems which are not connected to the grid, and are generally used to cover electricity needs of remote buildings or vacation homes which have no access to the public grid. These panels are a convenient option since they do not require special permits from electricity distribution companies. However, since they are 100% independent, off-grid systems generally require an additional generator or batteries to have electricity when the sun is not shining. As solar battery storage system costs are showing a decline, the option of solar battery storage systems is more accessible and affordable for more households.
Awọn ọna asopọ Asopọmọra:iwọnyi jẹ awọn ọna ṣiṣe ti o ni asopọ si akoj, eyiti o tumọ si pe o le lo ina lati ile-iṣẹ agbara nigbati o nilo rẹ. Nigbati o ko ba, o le lo ina ti ipilẹṣẹ nipasẹ awọn panẹli rẹ fun lilo ti ara ẹni, ati pe o tun le yan lati ta gbogbo rẹ, tabi afikun, pada si akoj. Awọn ọna ṣiṣe ti a so pọ ko ni agbara afẹyinti batiri eyikeyi.
Kini Nipa Igbesi aye ati Itọju Module Photovoltaic kan?
Ọkan ninu awọn aaye ti o dara pupọ ti idoko-owo ni awọn fọtovoltaics ni pe ọja naa ni igbesi aye gigun. Nọmba gangan da lori awọn oniyipada oriṣiriṣi gẹgẹbi didara nronu ati awọn ipo oju-ọjọ, ṣugbọn ni gbogbogbo, wọn yoo ṣiṣe diẹ sii ju ọdun 40 lọ. Pẹlupẹlu, awọn eto oorun nilo itọju kekere pupọ ati pe wọn wa, ni gbogbogbo, pẹlu atilẹyin ọja iṣẹ ọdun 25 kan.
Bibẹẹkọ, awọn oluyipada PV oorun, eyiti o jẹ awọn ti o ni idiyele ti yiyipada oorun DC si ina AC grid, le nilo lati rọpo lẹhin ọdun 12 si 15 ati nigbagbogbo wa pẹlu iṣeduro ọdun marun.
Kini Ifunni-Ni Owo idiyele?
Eyi jẹ ero Ijọba Gẹẹsi ti a ṣe apẹrẹ lati ru eniyan ni iyanju lati lo awọn orisun agbara isọdọtun. Ti o ba fi imọ-ẹrọ ti n ṣe ina mọnamọna sori ẹrọ lati isọdọtun tabi orisun erogba kekere, ati pe o ṣe awọn ibeere kan pato, o le gba owo lati ọdọ olupese agbara rẹ.
Eto ijọba yii ti pari ni Oṣu Kẹrin ọdun 2019, botilẹjẹpe. Awọn idiyele fun imọ-ẹrọ isọdọtun ti o ṣubu labẹ ero naa di ifarada diẹ sii ju akoko lọ, ati nitorinaa ijọba ko ro pe o jẹ dandan lati ṣe ifunni awọn imọ-ẹrọ.
Kini Iwe-ẹri Iṣe Agbara (EPC)?
Eyi jẹ ijẹrisi ti gbogbo ile ati awọn ile iṣowo ti o wa lati ra tabi yalo ni UK gbọdọ ni. Iwadii iṣẹ agbara le ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣe idanimọ awọn ọna lati ṣafipamọ owo lori awọn owo agbara rẹ nipa idamo awọn aaye wọnyẹn nibiti o ti n ja agbara jẹ. EPC yoo sọ fun ọ bawo ni ile rẹ ṣe munadoko, ṣe iwọn rẹ lati A (daradara pupọ) si G (ailagbara). Ni kete ti o ṣẹda, EPC wulo fun ọdun mẹwa.
Ojo iwaju ti Photovoltaics
Gẹgẹbi pẹlu eyikeyi imọ-ẹrọ, awọn fọtovoltaics wa labẹ idagbasoke igbagbogbo pẹlu idojukọ pataki lori ṣiṣe wọn daradara siwaju sii â mejeeji ni awọn ofin ṣiṣe ṣiṣe-sẹẹli ati ṣiṣe iye owo fun olumulo ipari. Awọn ile-iṣẹ oriṣiriṣi n ṣiṣẹ lori imudara ilọsiwaju ti awọn fọtovoltaics lati mu iṣẹ ṣiṣe ti oorun pọ si ṣugbọn jakejado ọdun mẹwa to kọja, ilọsiwaju ti ṣiṣe ti lọra pupọ.
Sibẹsibẹ, eyi le jẹ abala ti o dara fun awọn oniwun ti fọtovoltaics daradara, nitori awọn ti n gbero lọwọlọwọ lori idoko-owo ni eto fọtovoltaic. Bi ko ṣe dide lojiji ni ṣiṣe ti awọn fọtovoltaics ti o nireti, ko ṣeeṣe pe awọn ilọsiwaju tuntun yoo pẹ awọn fọtovoltaics ti o wa lọwọlọwọ lori ọja iṣowo.